{"id":1335,"date":"2025-11-14T10:54:50","date_gmt":"2025-11-14T10:54:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ciealevels.excellingpsychology.com\/?p=1335"},"modified":"2025-11-23T14:58:36","modified_gmt":"2025-11-23T14:58:36","slug":"quick-lesson-1-maslows-hierarchy-of-needs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ciealevels.excellingpsychology.com\/index.php\/2025\/11\/14\/quick-lesson-1-maslows-hierarchy-of-needs\/","title":{"rendered":"Quick Lesson # 1 – Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Please note<\/span> – This lesson is best viewed in desktop mode – click the three dots on your browser and tick ‘desktop mode’ if viewing on a small screen device<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

AO1 (Description)<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
Physiological Needs<\/strong><\/td>Basic biological needs.
Example: A salary that allows you to afford food and rest breaks.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Safety Needs<\/strong><\/td>Need for security and stability.
Example: A safe work environment and a secure job contract.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Belongingness Needs<\/strong><\/td>Need for social relationships and belonging.
Example: Good relationships with your team and collaborative projects.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Esteem Needs<\/strong><\/td>Need for recognition and respect.
Example: Receiving praise for good work or a promotion.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Self-Actualisation Need<\/strong><\/td>Need to achieve your full potential.
Example: Being given challenging, creative tasks that use your unique skills.<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
Deficiency vs. Growth Need<\/strong><\/td>Deficiency Needs<\/span>: The first four levels, driven by a lack.
Growth Needs<\/span>: The highest level, driven by a desire to grow.
Example: A company must meet basic deficiency needs (e.g., job security) before employees are motivated by growth (e.g., training).<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

AO1 (Description) – for Saaednia (2011)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Aim<\/strong><\/td>To develop a new scale (BNSS – Basic Needs Satisfaction Scale) that measures a child’s satisfaction across all five of Maslow’s needs, which existing scales failed to do.<\/td><\/tr>
Procedure<\/strong><\/td>1. Qualitative: Interviews with 13 children, their parents, and teachers.
2. Used interview answers to write the questionnaire items.
3. Quantitative: Tested the 68-item BNSS on 300 children aged 9-11.<\/td><\/tr>
Results<\/strong><\/td>– BNSS was overall reliable (\u03b1=.84). Esteem needs were most linked to life satisfaction.
– Some subscales (Love, Physiological) had low reliability.<\/td><\/tr>
Conclusion<\/strong><\/td>– BNSS is a valid first attempt but needs refinement. Qualitative methods are better for this research.
– Findings only apply to wealthy urban children.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AO3 (Evaluation)<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
Application to Everyday Life<\/strong><\/td>Point:<\/strong> A strength is high practical application.
Evidence:<\/strong> Used by managers to motivate staff – e.g., ensuring good pay before teamwork.
Explanation:<\/strong> This makes it a useful, real-world tool for improving motivation.
Link:<\/strong> This strengthens its application to everyday life.
Counterpoint:<\/strong> It can be rigid, ignoring individual differences in motivation.<\/td><\/tr>
Individual and Situational Explanations<\/strong><\/td>Point:<\/strong> A weakness is its individualistic focus.
Evidence:<\/strong> It blames a person’s lack of motivation on their own unmet needs, ignoring situational barriers like poverty.
Explanation: <\/strong>This overlooks powerful situational factors that limit a person’s potential.
Link: <\/strong>This reduces its validity for people in restrictive situations.
Counterpoint:<\/strong> The safety need does acknowledge the importance of a secure environment.<\/td><\/tr>
Cultural Differences<\/strong><\/td>Point:<\/strong> A weakness is cultural bias.
Evidence: <\/strong>Collectivist cultures may prioritise group belongingness over individual self-actualisation.
Explanation: <\/strong>The Western-centric hierarchy is not a universal model of motivation.
Link: <\/strong>This challenges its generalisability across cultures.
Counterpoint:<\/strong> The basic physiological needs are likely universal.<\/td><\/tr>
Determinism vs. Free Will<\/strong><\/td>Point:<\/strong> A weakness is its deterministic nature.
Evidence: <\/strong>It assumes that one cannot achieve higher needs until lower ones are satisfied.
Explanation: <\/strong>This leaves little room for free will, where someone might pursue creativity despite poverty.
Link: <\/strong>This determinism reduces validity for exceptional cases.
Counterpoint:<\/strong> Maslow did acknowledge some exceptions like social activists.<\/td><\/tr>
Validity<\/strong><\/td>Point:<\/strong> A weakness is low scientific validity.
Evidence:<\/strong> Based on biased case studies (e.g., Einstein) rather than empirical testing.
Explanation: <\/strong>Concepts like self-actualisation are vague and difficult to test empirically.
Link:<\/strong> This means it has low reliability.
Counterpoint:<\/strong> It has high face validity as it intuitively makes sense.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

AO3 (Evaluation) – for Saaednia (2011)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Application to Everyday Life<\/strong><\/td>Point:<\/strong><\/strong> A strength is practical use in schools.
Evidence:<\/strong> BNSS identifies children with unmet love\/esteem needs.
Explanation: <\/strong>Allows targeted support like counselling.
Link: <\/strong><\/strong> Increases application to everyday life.
Counterpoint:<\/strong><\/strong> However, its limited measurement of physiological needs limits this.<\/td><\/tr>
Individual and Situational Explanations<\/strong><\/td>Point:<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong> A weakness is focus on individual over situation.
Evidence:<\/strong> Measures feelings (“I am important”), not context like poverty.
Explanation: <\/strong>Same score can have different causes, needing different solutions.
Link: <\/strong><\/strong> Reduces validity of results.
Counterpoint:<\/strong><\/strong> However, interviews with parents\/teachers provided some context.<\/td><\/tr>
Cultural Differences<\/strong><\/td>Point:<\/strong><\/strong> A weakness is limited generalisability.
Evidence:<\/strong> Study only on wealthy children in Tehran.
Explanation: <\/strong><\/strong> Findings, with esteem most important, may not apply to poorer cultures where safety is key.
Link: <\/strong><\/strong>Reduces generalisability.
Counterpoint:<\/strong><\/strong> However, the researchers acknowledge this limitation.<\/td><\/tr>
Determinism vs. Free Will<\/strong><\/td>Point:<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong> A strength is it supports a mix of determinism and free-will.
Evidence:<\/strong><\/strong> Behaviour is driven by unmet needs, but we choose how to satisfy them.
Explanation:<\/strong><\/strong> A child can choose sports or academics to meet esteem needs.
Link:<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong> Provides a valid explanation.
Counterpoint:<\/strong><\/strong> However, the fixed hierarchy is deterministic, limiting progress.<\/td><\/tr>
Validity<\/strong><\/td>Point:<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong>\u00a0A strength is good internal validity from triangulation.
Evidence:<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong>\u00a0Items on the BNSS came from child\/parent\/teacher interviews.
Explanation:<\/strong><\/strong>\u00a0This ensured the scale measured real needs for that group.
Link:<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong>\u00a0Increases\u00a0validity of findings.
Counterpoint:<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong>\u00a0However, low reliability of some sub-scales weakens overall validity.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

search terms \u2013 9990 psychology, 9990 a levels psychology, organisational psychology, cie psychology, as and a levels , motivation, Maslow\u2019s hierarchy of needs, saeednia, ao1, ao3, evaluation, strengths and weaknesses, issues and debates, essays, 10-markers, 6-markers, revision, past paper solutions, 9990 2024-26 new syllabus<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

AO1 and AO3 covered for quick revision, without any compromise on details, for the first A2 organisational psychology topic, “Maslow\u2019s hierarchy of needs”, including Saaednia’s study on the BNSS. Prepare for paper 3 and paper 4 using this content.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[30,10,25,34],"class_list":["post-1335","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a2-organisational-psychology","tag-10-markers","tag-issues-and-debates","tag-paper-3","tag-strengths-and-weaknesses"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ciealevels.excellingpsychology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1335","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ciealevels.excellingpsychology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ciealevels.excellingpsychology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ciealevels.excellingpsychology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ciealevels.excellingpsychology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1335"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/ciealevels.excellingpsychology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1335\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1353,"href":"https:\/\/ciealevels.excellingpsychology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1335\/revisions\/1353"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ciealevels.excellingpsychology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1335"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ciealevels.excellingpsychology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1335"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ciealevels.excellingpsychology.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1335"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}